Medida cautelar do TCU suspende uso de verbas de precatórios do Fundef

O Tribunal avaliará os critérios de uso das verbas dos precatórios do Fundef – se eles podem ser usados para remuneração, pagamento de passivos trabalhistas ou bônus de professores, por exemplo. O passivo da União em relação a erros de cálculo no âmbito do Fundef pode alcançar R$ 90 bilhões.

                                                                                                                                                          Créditos: iStock
O Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU) suspendeu o uso de verbas de precatórios do Fundef. O ministro Walton Alencar Rodrigues concedeu a cautelar na sessão do Plenário de ontem, dia 4. A medida impacta Estados e Municípios beneficiários de precatórios – ordens judiciais para pagamento de débitos – da União na complementação ao Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento do Ensino Fundamental e de Valorização do Magistério (Fundef), que vigorou entre 1998 e 2006. A cautelar suspende o uso de recursos desses precatórios no pagamento a professores ou quaisquer servidores públicos até a conclusão da análise, no TCU, sobre a destinação correta para essas verbas.

O Tribunal, responsável pela fiscalização da aplicação dos recursos federais, avaliará os critérios de uso das verbas dos precatórios do Fundef – se eles podem ser usados para remuneração, pagamento de passivos trabalhistas ou bônus de professores, por exemplo. Enquanto não houver uma decisão, os recursos desses precatórios não poderão ser utilizados.

O Fundef foi substituído pelo Fundeb, que foi criado pela Emenda Constitucional 53/2006 e regulamentado pela Lei 11.494/2007. O fundo é formado principalmente por recursos estaduais. Há, porém, Estados que recebem complementação da União. Isso ocorre quando o Estado não tem condições de arcar com o valor mínimo definido nacionalmente por aluno.

Durante a vigência do Fundef, porém, a União não fez o repasse integral da complementação devida a alguns Estados. O passivo da União em relação a erros de cálculo no âmbito do Fundef, no período de 1998 a 2006, pode alcançar R$ 90 bilhões. O valor corresponde a cerca de 60% dos R$ 148 bilhões previstos para o Fundeb no exercício de 2018, segundo estimativa publicada no Diário Oficial da União (DOU) em 29 de dezembro de 2017.

Histórico

Na cautelar, o ministro Walton cita decisões recentes da Corte de Contas sobre o tema. Depois de ser acionado pela rede de órgãos de controle do Estado do Maranhão – que questionou o uso de recursos do Fundef para pagar honorários de escritórios de advocacia nas ações que resultaram em precatórios –, e considerando que o problema envolvia outros Estados, o TCU publicou o Acórdão 1.824/2017-Plenário, determinando que os recursos dos precatórios referentes ao Fundef deveriam ser utilizados exclusivamente na educação. O pagamento dos escritórios de advocacia deveria vir de outra fonte de receita.

Posteriormente, o TCU publicou nova decisão – Acórdão 1.962/2017-Plenário – para esclarecer outra questão relacionada aos precatórios, a subvinculação. Segundo o artigo 22 da Lei 11.494/2007, “pelo menos 60% dos recursos anuais totais dos Fundos serão destinados ao pagamento da remuneração dos profissionais do magistério da educação básica em efetivo exercício na rede pública”.

A dúvida era se os recursos especificamente dos precatórios, já que eram relacionados ao Fundef, deveriam ter a destinação mínima de 60% para a remuneração de professores, questão que provocou uma pluralidade de entendimentos entre instituições como tribunais de contas estaduais e sindicatos de professores. A conclusão do TCU, expressa no Acórdão 1.962/2017, é de que a natureza extraordinária dos recursos dos precatórios desobriga essa subvinculação – entendimento validado pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF).

Cautelar

Para garantir maior rapidez e efetividade na comunicação relacionada à medida cautelar, o ministro Walton diz que será determinado ao Ministério da Educação (MEC) que, no prazo de 15 dias, encaminhe aos Estados e Municípios com precatórios referentes ao Fundef cópia integral da medida cautelar, uma vez que poderão ser responsabilizados pelo TCU, caso não observância os entendimentos da Corte de Contas a respeito do tema.

 

Serviço:

Leia a íntegra da decisão: Acórdão 1518/2018 – Plenário

Processo: TC 020.079/2018-4

Secom – DC/ca

Telefone: (61) 3316-5060

E-mail: imprensa@tcu.gov.br

Acompanhe o TCU pelo Twitter e pelo Facebook. Para reclamações sobre uso irregular de recursos públicos federais, entre em contato com a Ouvidoria do TCU, clique aqui ou ligue para 0800-6441500

Fonte: TCU

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